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On November 20, 2025, the state of Kentucky made headlines by passing a new nuclear law that will allow for the construction of small modular reactors (SMRs) within the state. The legislation, known as Senate Bill 123, was signed into law by Governor John Thompson after receiving overwhelming support from both the House and Senate.The passage of Senate Bill 123 marks a significant milestone for Kentucky, which has historically been a coal-dominated state when it comes to power generation. The new law is seen as a major step towards diversifying the state's energy portfolio and reducing its dependence on fossil fuels.SMRs are a relatively new technology in the nuclear industry, offering several advantages over traditional large-scale nuclear reactors. These smaller, more flexible reactors are designed to be more affordable and easier to construct, making them an attractive option for states looking to add nuclear power to their energy mix.Under the new law, Kentucky will begin the process of licensing and permitting for SMRs, with the goal of bringing the first reactor online within the next five years. The state has identified several potential sites for SMR development, including existing nuclear facilities as well as new locations near industrial centers and population centers.Proponents of the new nuclear law argue that SMRs will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and provide a reliable source of clean energy for the state. They also highlight the potential economic benefits, including job creation and increased investment in the local economy.However, critics of the legislation have raised concerns about the safety and security of nuclear power, as well as the long-term management of nuclear waste. They argue that the state should focus on expanding renewable energy sources such as wind and solar instead of investing in nuclear technology.Despite the controversy, Governor Thompson remains optimistic about the potential benefits of SMRs for Kentucky. In a statement following the signing of Senate Bill 123, he emphasized the importance of exploring new energy solutions to meet the state's growing demand for electricity while also reducing its carbon footprint.As Kentucky prepares to embark on this new chapter in its energy future, all eyes will be on the development of small modular reactors and their impact on the state's power grid. With the passage of Senate Bill 123, Kentucky has taken a bold step towards a cleaner, more sustainable energy future.